Belarus persons and events: Nikolai Olekhnovich

2 may 2025

Interesting

Nikolai Olekhnovich was born on May 2, 1935 in the village of Voronichi, Slonim District, Grodno Region. In 1957 he graduated from the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of the Belarusian State University. While still a student he began his scientific work at the Physical-Technical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of Belarus. From 1959 Nikolai Olekhnovich worked in the department and then in the Institute of Solid State and Semiconductor Physics of the Academy of Sciences of Belarus, where he worked his way up from a junior researcher to the Director of the Institute. At the same time, from 1997 to 2002 M. Olekhnovich was Academician-Secretary of the Department of Physics, Mathematics and Information of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (NAS). Since 2004 - Chief Scientific Associate of the Joint Institute of Solid State and Semiconductor Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, since 2007 - Scientific and Practical Center for Materials Science of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.

N. Olekhnovich's scientific works are devoted to solid state physics and crystal physics. In his PhD thesis, published in 1963, he studied the spatial distribution of electron density in semiconductor crystals, which can be used to determine their physical characteristics. Since 1967. Olekhnovich studied defects in real crystals, developed the X-ray diffraction-polarization method of crystal analysis, investigated the phenomena of double-prominent refraction and depolarization of X-rays on dislocations, the effect of thickness oscillations of X-ray scattering intensity, which makes it possible to determine the types and number of defects. He developed an approach to describe phase transformations of perovskite-type crystals, and made a significant contribution to the creation of new materials that can be used in solid-state electronics.

These studies formed the basis of his dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, which was defended in 1987. In 1989 Nikolai Olekhnovich was elected a corresponding member and in 1996 an academician of the Academy of Sciences of Belarus. In 1991 he was awarded the title of Professor, and in 1999 - Honored Scientist of the Republic of Belarus.

Nikolay Olekhnovich is the author of 19 inventions and more than 300 scientific papers.

Based on materials of the Yakub Kolas Central Scientific Library

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